DIE-OFF, CARP - USA (06): (INDIANA), KOI HERPES VIRUS
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A ProMED-mail post
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International Society for Infectious Diseases <http://www.isid.org>
Date: 4 Oct 2011
Source: The Journal Gazette [edited]
<http://www.journalgazette.net/article/20111004/BLOGS01/111009830?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+wdinNewsDigestGeoRSS+%28Wildlife+Disease+News+Digest+GeoRSS+Feed%29&utm_term=wdinNewsDigestGeoRSS>
An investigation into the cause of a summer fish kill on the St.
Joseph River near Elkhart and Mishawaka has concluded the cause was a combination of fish pathogens. "Our test results show pathogens, and not pollution, were the primary cause of death for several hundred common carp," said Bill James, chief of fisheries for the Department of Natural Resources.
The fish die-off, which occurred in July and August 2011, triggered a joint investigation by the DNR, the State Board of Animal Health (BOAH), and the Elkhart County Health Department. The Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory at Purdue University tested tissue samples and found that in addition to bacterial and parasite issues, the carp were suffering the effects of a pathogen known as koi herpes virus (KHv).
Unusually warm weather also is believed to be a contributing factor.
"The carp that died were pushed beyond their normal defense limits by rapidly rising water temperatures, bacteria, parasites, and ultimately the koi herpes virus," James said.
Indiana State Veterinarian Dr. Bret D. Marsh said: "The pathogens involved in this case are specific to selected species of fish and are not an imminent health threat to other fish in the river, neither are they a source of health problems in people if fish taken from the river are eaten." Marsh added that the koi herpes virus was not identified previously in Indiana waters but was found in many of the fish collected in this case.
The investigation shows the dynamic nature of life in rivers and the uncertainty for stable and apparently healthy fish populations. KHv is on the world watch list because it is known to cause significant losses in wild populations and captive environments where specially bred carp, commonly referred to as koi, are used in the aquarium industry.
The bacteria and parasite identified are common in the aquatic environment and by themselves normally don't cause fish die-offs.
However, when fish are stressed heavily by a virus, such as KHv, these other common pathogens can contribute to losses. The new Great Lakes fish virus disease -- viral hemorrhagic septicemia (VHS) -- was not detected.
James said the situation is a reminder to boaters, anglers and other watercraft users that they can play an important role in preventing the spread of unwanted organisms from one body of water to another.
The DNR advises boaters and anglers to clean, drain and dry all equipment when moving from one waterway to another and to only release fish into the body of water from which they came.
For more information on keeping Indiana lakes and rivers healthy, visit <http://www.invasivespecies.IN.gov> on the DNR website.
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Communicated by:
ProMED-mail from HealthMap alerts
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[The above report is a word for word repeat of the DNR news release of
4 Oct 2011
(<http://www.in.gov/activecalendar/EventList.aspx?view=EventDetails&eventidn=39387&information_id=78944&type=&syndicate=syndicate>),
which did not define the common aquatic "bacteria and parasites"
identified besides the koi herpes virus, which is a pity.
Subscribers are encouraged to read the following posting: Koi herpesvirus - worldwide: etiology 20030929.2450. For further information, subscribers are referred to Chapter 2.3.6. "Koi Herpesvirus Disease" in OIE's manual of Diagnostic Tests for Aquatic animals 2009, available online at <http://www.oie.int/eng/normes/fmanual/2.3.06_KHVD.pdf>. - Mod.MHJ]
[see also:
2011
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Koi herpesvirus disease - Spain: OIE 20110808.2408 Die-off, carp - USA (05): (MI): koi herpes virus 20110807.2386 2010
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Koi herpesvirus disease - UK: (England) 20100828.3069 Undiagnosed fish die-off - USA (02): (NJ) koi herpesvirus susp.
20100528.1773
Koi herpesvirus, carp - USA: (CA) 20100523.1707
2009
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Koi herpesvirus disease - UK (02): (England) 20090918.3273 Koi herpesvirus disease - UK 20090814.2893 Koi herpesvirus, carp - USA: (AZ) 20090703.2395 Koi herpesvirus disease - USA (AZ) 20090613.2186
2008
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Koi herpesvirus disease - UK (02): (England) 20080926.3044 Koi herpesvirus disease - UK 20080908.2807
2007
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Koi herpesvirus disease - UK (02) 20071108.3630 Koi herpesvirus disease - UK 20070817.2688
2006
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Koi herpesvirus - USA (TX) 20060707.1867
2005
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Koi herpesvirus - Singapore: OIE 20050927.2847
2004
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Koi herpesvirus, carp & gurami - Indonesia (Sumatra) 20041109.3023 Spring viremia & Koi herpesvirus, carp - UK 20040907.2497 Koi herpesvirus - United Kingdom 20040116.0177 Koi herpesvirus - Japan (02) 20040109.0102 Koi herpesvirus - Japan (Ibaraki) 20040104.0025
2003
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Koi herpesvirus - Japan (Ibaraki) (02) 20031110.2786 Koi herpesvirus - Japan (Ibaraki) 20031104.2734 Koi herpesvirus - worldwide: etiology 20030929.2450
2002
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Koi herpesvirus, carp - Indonesia: suspected, OIE 20020630.4639] .................................................sb/lm/mhj/msp/lm/ll
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